Internationally, the mechanized excavation of tunnels has intensified in the last two decades, as the number of tunnels being constructed for subways and railwa

Specific hazards associated with the construction of tunnels in metropolitan areas exist, including poor ground conditions, water tables higher than the level o

Tunnelling provides a robust solution to a variety of engineering challenges. It is a complex process, which requires a firm understanding of the ground conditi

IRP 2 contains selected papers from the 2016 International Workshop on Resiliency of Urban Tunnels, which address tunnels as a part of the complex urban infrast

Mechanised shield tunnelling has developed considerably since the publication of the first edition of this book. Challenging tunnel projects under difficult con