Existence of the Thermodynamic Limit and Asymptotic Behavior of Some Irreversible Quantum Dynamical Systems

Download or read book Existence of the Thermodynamic Limit and Asymptotic Behavior of Some Irreversible Quantum Dynamical Systems written by Anna Vershynina and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation discusses the properties of two open quantum systems with a general class of irreversible quantum dynamics. First we study Lieb-Robinson bounds in a quantum lattice systems. This bound gives an estimate for the speed of growth of the support of an evolved local observable up to an exponentially small error. In a second model we study the properties of a leaking cavity pumped by a random atomic beam. We begin by describing quantum systems on an infinite lattice with associated finite or infinite dimensional Hilbert space. The generator of the dynamics of this system is of the Lindblad-Kossakowski type and consists of two parts: the Hamiltonian interactions and the dissipative terms. We allow both of them to be time-dependent. This generator satisfies some suitable decay condition in space. We show that the dynamics with a such generator on a finite system is a well-defined quantum dynamics in a sense of a norm-continuous cocycle of unit preserving completely positive maps. Lieb-Robinson bounds for irreversible dynamics were first considered in the classical context and in for a class of quantum lattice systems with finite-range interactions. We extend those results by proving a Lieb-Robinson bound for lattice models with a more general class of quantum dynamics. Then we use Lieb-Robinson bounds for a finite lattice systems to prove the existence of the thermodynamic limit of the dynamics. We show that in a strong limit there exits a strongly continuous cocycle of unit preserving completely positive maps. Which means that the dynamics exists in an infinite system, where Lieb-Robinson bounds also holds. In the second part of the dissertation we consider a system that consists of a beam of two-level atoms that pass one by one through the microwave cavity. The atoms are randomly excited and there is exactly one atom present in the cavity at any given moment. We consider both the ideal and leaky cavity and study the time asymptotic behavior of the state of the cavity. We show that the number of photons increases indefinitely in the case of the ideal cavity. In the case of the leaking cavity the limiting state is independent of the initial state, it is not quasi-free and it is a non-equilibrium steady state. We also compute the associated energy flow.