According to the Constitution of the Russian Federation, adopted in 1993, local autonomy is one of the fundamental principles of the constitutional system. The

By the end of the 2000s Russia had become an increasingly authoritarian state, which was characterised by the following features: outrageously unfair and fraudu

With articles by a high quality set of contributors, including Richard Sakwa, Darrell Slider and Vladimir Gel’man, this book explores the increasingly authori

A presentation of political, economic and demographic data on every territorial unit of the Russian Federation, its local government structure and electoral his

Russia is divided into seven federal districts encompassing 89 units -- regions (oblasts), territories (krais), and republics. As central power has weakened, th