The Turkish Republic was formed out of immense bloodshed and carnage. During the decade leading up to the end of the Ottoman Empire and the ascendancy of Mustaf

Esref Kusçubasi remains controversial in Turkey over fifty years after his death. Elsewhere the man sometimes called the Turkish Lawrence of Arabia is far less

Heroin, Organized Crime, and the Making of Modern Turkey explores the history of organized crime in Turkey and the roles which gangs and gangsters have played i

Explores the political and social life of the Armenian community in the Ottoman Empire during the post-war period.

Across the Middle East in the post–World War I era, European strategic moves converged with late Ottoman political practice and a newly emboldened Zionist mov