Physiology in extreme conditions can reveal important reactions of the human body, which help our assessment of limits emerging under healthy conditions and cri

Understanding how humans cope in extreme environments has expanded our knowledge of the physiological and psychological challenges involved and helped us to qui

Over the last decades, scientists have been intrigued by the fascinating organisms that inhabit extreme environments. These organisms, known as extremophiles, t

Temperature profoundly impacts both the phenotypes and distributions of organisms. These thermal effects exert strong selective pressures on behaviour, physiolo

Algae, generally held as the principal primary producers of aquatic systems, inhabit all conceivable habitats. They have great ability to cope with a harsh envi