Until recently, gender stereotypes have shaped the ways in which society views female offenders, often as individuals incapable of criminal activity or extreme

The Female Offender challenges the long-standing tradition of male dominated criminology theory and research, which has taken little or no account of gender dif

Scholarship in criminology over the last few decades has often left little room for research and theory on how female offenders are perceived and handled in the

​Female offenders are often perceived as victims who commit crimes as a self-defense mechanism or as criminal deviants whose actions strayed from typical ‘w