In recent years, with the rapid growth of the Internet, the bandwidth demand for data traffic is exploding. Optical networks based on wavelength-division multip

Optical networks based on wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) tech nology offer the promise to satisfy the bandwidth requirements of the Inter net infrastruc

With the advent of wavelength routing and dynamic, reconfigurable optical networks, new demands are being made in the design and operation of optical amplifiers

Research and development on optical wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) networks have matured considerably. While optics and electronics should be used appro