Practical/Laboratory Manual Physics Class XII based on NCERT guidelines by Dr. Sunita Bhagia & Megha Bansal

Download or read book Practical/Laboratory Manual Physics Class XII based on NCERT guidelines by Dr. Sunita Bhagia & Megha Bansal written by Dr. J. P. Goel and published by SBPD Publications. This book was released on 2020-06-24 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: SECTION : A EXPERIMENTS 1.To determine resistance per cm of a given wire by plotting a graph for potential difference versus current, 2.To find resistance of a given wire using meter bridge and hence determine the specifi resistance (Resistivity) of its material, 3.To verify the laws of combination (Series/Parallel) of resistance using ameter bridge, 4.To compare the e.m.f. of two given primary cells using potentiometer, 5.To determine the internal resistance of a given primary cell (e.g. Leclanche cell) using potentiometer, 6.To determine the resistance of a galvanometer by half deflection method and to find its figure of merit. 7 A. To convert a given galvanometer (of known resistance and figure of merit) into an ammeter of desired range and to verify the same, 7.B.To convert a given galvanometer (of known resistance and figure of merit) into a voltmeter of desired range and to verify the same. 8.To find the frequency of AC mains with a sonometer and horse-shoe magnet. SECTION : B EXPERIMENTS 1.To find the value of v for different values of u in case of a concave mirror and to find the focal length, 2.To find the focal length of a convex lens by plotting graph between u and v or 1/u and 1/v. 3.To find the focal length of a convex mirror, using a convex lens.4.To find the focal length of a concave lens, using a convex lens. 5. To determine the angle of minimum deviation for a given prism by plotting a graph between the angle of incidence and angle of deviation, 6. To determine refractive index of a glass slab using a travelling microscope, 7.To find the refractive index of a liquid by using a convex lens and a plane mirror, 8.To draw I-V characteristics curve of a p-n function in forward bias and reverse bias, 9.To draw the characteristics curve of a zener diode and to determine its reverse break down voltage, 10.To study the characteristics of a common-emitter n-p-n or p-n-p transistor and to find out the values of current and voltage gains. SECTION : A ACTIVITIES 1.To measure the resistance and impedance of an inductor with or without iron core, 2.To measure resistance voltage (AC/DC), current (AC) and check continuity of given circuit using multimeter, 3. To assemble a household circuit comprising of three bulbs, three (on/off)switches, a fuse and a power source. 4.To assemble the components of a given electrical circuit. 5.To study the variation in potential drop with length of a wire for a steady current, 6.To draw the diagram of a given open circuit comprising atleast a battery, resistor/rheostat, key ammeter and voltmeter. Make the components that are not connected in proper order and correct the circuit and also the circuit diagram. SECTION : B ACTIVITIES 1.To study effect of intensity of light (by varying distance of the source) on an LDR (Light Depending Resistor), 2.To identify a diode, a LED, a transistor, an IC, a resistor and a capacitor from mixed collection of such items, 3. Use a multimeter to : (i) identify the transistor, (ii) distinguish between n-p-n and p-n-p type transistor, (iii) see the unidirectional flow of current in case of a diode and a LED, (iv) Check whether a given electronic components (e.g diode, transistor or IC) is in working order, 4.To observe refraction and lateral deviation of a beam of light incident obliquely on a glass slab, 5.To observe polarisation of light using two polaroids, 6. To observe diffraction of light due to a thin slit, 7.To study the nature and size of the image formed by : (i) convex lens, (ii) concave mirror on a screen by using candle and a screen for different distance of the candle from the lens/mirror, 8.To obtain a lens combination with the specified focal length by using two lenses from the given set of lenses. SUGGESTED INVESTIGATORY PROJECT 1.To Study Verious factors on which the Internal Resistance/EMF of a cell depends, 2.To study the variations in current following in a circuit containing L.D.R. because of variation. (a) In the power of incomdescent lamp used to illum inate the L.D.R. Keeping all the lamps in fixed position (b) In the Distance of a in condescent lamp (of fixed power) used to illum inate the L.D.R. 3. To find the refractive indeces of (a) Water (b) Oil (Transparent) using a plane mirror, an equiconvex lens (made from a glass of known refractive index) and an adjustable object needle, 4. To design an appropriate logic gate combination for a given truth table. 5. To investigate the relation between the ratio of : (i) Output and Input voltage (ii) Number of turms in secondary coils and primary coils of a self designed transformer. 6.To Investigate the dependence of angle of deviation on the angle of incidence, using a hollow prism filled one by with different transparent fluids, 7.To Estimate the charge induced on each one of the two identical styrofoam balls suspended in a vertical plane by making use of coulomob’s Law :, 8.To study the factors on which the self inductance of a coil depends by observing the effect of this coil, when put in series with a resistor (bulb) in a circuit fed up by an a.c. source of adjustable frequency, 9.To study the earth’s magnetic field using a tangent galvanometer. APPENDIX Some Important Tables of Physical Constants Logarithmic and other Tables