The four Nordic countries, Denmark, Finland, Sweden and Norway, have all held referenda on their relationship to the European Union in the 1990's. These referen

The text lays out a new framework for studying national debates on European integration. This framework - developed by Ole W?ver - uses discourse analysis and a

In the age of grand recession, nationalism seems to have returned to Europe. In every EU country, many citizens are unhappy with the perceived intrusion of 'Eur

With growing levels of Euroscepticism across EU member states, grasping the roots of opposition to European integration has become more important than ever. Thi

Making sense of the perplexing diversity of Europe is a challenging task. How compatible are national identities in Europe? What makes Europe European? What do