In the past two decades, research in VLSI physical design has been directed toward automation of layout process. Since the cost of fabricating a circuit is a fa

In the past two decades, research in VLSI physical design has been directed toward automation of layout process. Since the cost of fabricating a circuit is a fa

Market_Desc: · Electrical Engineering Students taking courses on VLSI systems, CAD tools for VLSI, Design Automation at Final Year or Graduate Level, Computer

One of the main problems in chip design is the enormous number of possible combinations of individual chip elements within a system, and the problem of their co