Printed circuit boards (PCBs) are core components of virtually every modern electronic device, from smartphones to servers. Accordingly, printed circuit board a

Solders have given the designer of modern consumer, commercial, and military electronic systems a remarkable flexibility to interconnect electronic components.

"Solder paste printing is the most common method for attaching surface mount devices to printed circuit boards and it has been reported that a majority of all a

Solder defects in surface-mount technology (SMT) assembly have been an issue for decades. Further, the combined challenges of Pb-free soldering and ever-increas